Effect of different levels of sulphur and soil fertility on growth and yield of summer black gram (Vigna mungo L.)

Summer black gram (Vigna mungo L.) is an important legume crop with significant potential to improve soil health and nutritional outcomes. Black gram production is lower due to factors such as shattering losses, pest and disease damage, irregular supply of nutrient fertilizers and limited resource availability. Sulphur is a critical nutrient for protein synthesis and nitrogen fixation which is often overlooked despite its importance. Although several studies have examined the effects of individual sulphur and soil fertility treatments on summer black gram, there is a notable gap in understanding the effect of different levels of sulphur with soil fertility treatments, addressing this gap is crucial for developing efficient nutrient management strategies and sustainable production tailored to summer black gram cultivation. The present investigation on the effect of different levels of sulphur and soil fertility treatments is essential for optimizing nutrient management and enhancing crop productivity the field experiment was carried out in split plot design with three sulphur levels (0, 30 and 60 kg ha^-1) in main plot and five soil fertility treatments in sub plot (control, rhizobium (R), farmyard manure (FYM), recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) and combined application of R + FYM + RDF) with three replications at Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab. The results revealed that there was a significant in growth, yield attributes and yield at 60 kg S ha^-1 followed by 30 kg S ha^-1 and the application of FR+FYM+RDF produced highest growth, yield attributes and yield followed by FRDF, FFYM and FR whereas the interaction effect was significant in plant height (cm), leaf area index, chlorophyll content, pod length, pods plant^-1, test weight, seed yield, stover yield and harvest index.