Urban greening with vertical gardens: Types, benefits, well-being and environmental sustainability

The rapid pace of urbanization has led to a significant shift in how individuals experience their environments, with many spending up to 90% of their time indoors. This review article examines the emergence of indoor vertical gardens as a creative solution to reconnect urban dwellers with nature, providing both aesthetic and psychological benefits. By integrating greenery into interior spaces, vertical gardens not only enhance visual appeal but also improve indoor air quality by absorbing airborne pollutants, thus addressing health concerns associated with urban living. Furthermore, the benefits of these installations extend beyond individual well-being to include environmental sustainability through the mitigation of the urban heat island effect. Ultimately, this review emphasizes the critical role of vertical gardens in enhancing the quality of well-being life in cities, advocating for their continued integration into urban design and architecture as a means to enhances a more harmonious relationship between people and their environment.