2025, Vol. 8, Special Issue 5

author(s)
GR Jai Pradeep, Sivakumar K and BT Suresh Kumar

abstract
In this context, the use of advanced technologies like smart sensors combined with the Internet of Things (IoT) could greatly boost agricultural output and reduce economic losses. Research around the world has shown that integrating IoT and smart sensors effectively monitors environmental factors critical to crop growth, such as moisture, humidity, temperature, and soil composition. These systems can also track greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane etc. Smart farming technology can even measure nitrogen levels in soil, helping farmers determine the right amount of fertilizer for their crops. IoT devices and unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) are also useful for accurately detecting pest infestations and related diseases in crops. While smart farming has great potential for the future, it does face challenges, including high setup costs, data security concerns, and a lack of digital knowledge among farmers. To make IoT-driven farming more accessible, economic support, data protection measures, and improved digital education for farmers would be beneficial.