Sulphur nutrition in crops: Key to enhanced yield and stress tolerance - a review based on agronomic research

Sulphur (S) plays a crucial role in bolstering crop productivity and resilience against both biotic and abiotic stressors. It facilitates the synthesis of vital compounds like glutathione, glucosinolates, and phytoalexins, pivotal for fortifying plant defences against pathogens and environmental adversities. Scientific endeavors underscore S capacity to augment nutrient uptake, optimize photosynthetic efficacy, and bolster antioxidant mechanisms, thereby enhancing plant endurance to drought, salinity, and heavy metal toxicity. Additionally, S nanoparticles present a promising avenue for enhancing nutrient efficiency and minimizing ecological footprints in agriculture. Future prospects hinge on refining S application methodologies tailored to crop-specific requirements and environmental nuances. Integrating nutrient management practices with biotic stress mitigation strategies holds potential to amplify S efficacy in sustainable farming. Ongoing investigations into S interactions with plant genetics and soil microbiota are poised to deepen insights into its intricate roles and prospective benefits in agroecosystems. S emerges as a versatile ally in elevating crop yield, quality, and resilience amid evolving agricultural landscapes. Addressing future challenges mandates innovative strategies that harness S potential while mitigating environmental impacts, ensuring food security and sustainable agricultural practices in a dynamically changing world.