2024, Vol. 7, Special Issue 6

author(s)
Thrilekha D, P Harshita Mala, B Gowthami, Chethan Kumar DS

abstract
Silkworms, being poikilothermic organisms, are highly sensitive to temperature fluctuations, which greatly influence their physiological processes and overall development. Seasonal temperature variations significantly impact the phenotypic expression of genotypic traits, affecting critical crop parameters such as cocoon weight, shell weight and the cocoon shell ratio. Temperature is a key factor that directly regulates silkworm growth, development and silk yield. While optimal temperature promotes healthy development, exposure to extreme temperature leads to stunted growth, increased disease susceptibility and reduced cocoon quality. This review delves into the effects of temperature on silkworm biology, including growth and development, reproductive potential, nutritional indices and post-cocoon characteristics. In addition, it also explores the evolution and performance of thermotolerant bivoltine silkworm breeds and hybrids, highlighting their adaptability to varying thermal conditions. This review provides valuable insights into the thermotolerance mechanisms of silkworms, offering guidance for improving sericulture practices in regions with fluctuating temperatures. It also proposes future strategies to optimize silkworm rearing practices in response to climate variability, ensuring sustainable silk production.