Effect of nutrient management practices on soil, yield and economics of rice-wheat system at farmer’s fields of district Uttar Bastar Kanker, Chhattisgarh

On farm experiments were conducted under AICRP on IFS, On-Farm Research during Kharif and Rabi seasons of 2020-21 at 24 farmer’s fields at 6 villages viz. Aaturgaon, Bevarti and Mohpur of Block- Kanker and Hatkondal, Gotulmunda and Damkasa villages of Block- Durgukondal, District-Uttar Bastar Kanker, situated in Chhattisgarh Plain Zone (CG-1) and Bastar Plateau Zone (CG-2) of Chhattisgarh. Experiment conducted at 4 farmer’s field in each village. The soils of experimental site were sandy loam to loam with low in available nitrogen (182.32 kg ha^-1) and available phosphorus (10.02 kg ha^-1) and medium in available potassium (294.24 kg ha^-1) and organic carbon (0.60%) and neutral in reaction (7.23 pH). The rice- wheat cropping system experiments were conducted with seven treatments viz. control (T₁), N (T₂), NP (T₃), NK (T₄), NPK (T₅), NPK+ micro nutrient (T₆) and Farmers practice (T₇). For Zn micro nutrient ZnSO₄ applied in rice and Single Super Phosphate applied for both P and S in wheat under T₆ treatment_. The recommended dose of nutrients were: 100:60:40 kg ha^-1 N: P₂O₅: K₂O + 20 kg ha^-1 ZnSO₄ for rice and 120:60:40:20 kg ha^-1 N: P₂O₅: K₂O: S for wheat. Nutrients dose 60:40:30 kg ha^-1 N: P₂O₅: K₂O and 80:40:20 kg ha^-1 N: P₂O₅: K₂O were applied in rice and wheat crops respectively under farmer’s practice. MTU-1010 variety of rice and HI-8759 variety of wheat grown with recommended package of practices under irrigated condition. The application of recommended dose of NPK + micro nutrient recorded significantly higher grain yield of rice (56.59 q ha^-1), wheat (33.0 q ha^-1) and RGEY (96.11 q ha^-1). Farmers practice treatment recorded highest nutrient response 9.78 kg grain/ kg nutrient and application of recommended dose of N in rice- wheat cropping system recorded highest nutrient response Rs/Re (7.05). Application of recommended dose of NPK+ micro nutrient recorded significantly higher nutrient uptake N (190.78 kg ha^-1), P (52.47 kg ha^-1) and K (209.41 kg ha^-1) by rice- wheat cropping system. Application of recommended dose of NPK + micro nutrient recorded significantly higher organic carbon (0.65%), available nitrogen (196.65 kg ha^-1), phosphorus (10.96 kg ha^-1) and potassium (313.97 kg ha^-1) at end of the cropping system. Highest positive balance of available nitrogen (205.11 kg ha^-1), phosphorus (53.41 kg ha^-1) and potassium (229.14 kg ha^-1) recorded in application of recommended dose of NPK + micronutrient. Highest gross return (172017 Rs ha^-1), net return (108637 Rs ha^-1) and B: C ratio (2.71) of rice- wheat cropping system recorded under application of recommended dose of NPK + micronutrient.