2024, Vol. 7, Special Issue 11

author(s)
Sravani Arem, Chandrashekara CP, Potdar MP and Geeta D Goudar

abstract
A field experiment was conducted during Kharif 2021-22 at Natural Farming Project plot number E 131 of Main Agricultural Research Station, UAS, Dharwad. The experiment was laid out on split-plot design with an uneven control consisting of two main plots [Natural farming (NF) and Organic farming (OF)], with six sub plots consisting of foliar application of liquid organic formulations (Cow urine (CU) @ 50%, Jeevamrutha (JM) @ 100%,Vermiwash (VW) @ 10%, Gokrupamrutha (GK) @ 20%, sequential application of CU- JM- VW- GK-VW at 21, 42, 63, 84, 105 and 126 DAS (6 times) in cotton and foliar application of Jeevamrutha as per ZBNF recommendations (5%, 7.5% and 10% at vegetative, flowering and boll formation stage in cotton starting from 21 DAS) and recommended package of practices (RPP) as uneven control. The treatments were replicated thrice. The study revealed that among farming practices, OF recorded significantly higher number of good bolls plant^-1 (14.33), bad number of bolls plant^-1 (1.02), total number of bolls plant^-1 (15.34), seed cotton yield plant^-1 (61.51), cotton yield (1093 kg ha^-1), greengram grain yield (212.60 kg ha^-1) and cotton equivalent yield (1261 kg ha^-1) than natural farming. Among organic liquid formulations, application of jeevamrutha @ 100% recorded significantly number of good bolls plant^-1 (14.60), bad number of bolls plant^-1 (0.93), total number of bolls plant^-1 (15.53), seed cotton yield plant^-1 (66.55), cotton yield (1189 kg ha^-1), greengram grain yield (232 kg ha^-1) and cotton equivalent yield (1261 kg ha^-1) than other liquid formulations. Among the M × S interactions with uneven control, RPP recorded significantly number of good bolls plant^-1 (18.91), bad number of bolls plant^-1 (3.56), total number of bolls plant^-1 (22.47), seed cotton yield plant^-1 (74.83 g), cotton yield (1660 kg ha^-1) greengram grain yield (342 kg ha^-1) and cotton equivalent yield (1929 kg ha^-1) than all other interaction treatments. However, net returns (100884 ₹ ha^-1) and B:C ratio (2.77) of cotton were obtained significantly higher under RPP.