Phyto-nutraceuticals importance of beet root: A review

Beetroot (Beta vulgaris) is a nutrient-dense vegetable increasingly recognized for its significant phyto-nutraceutical properties and health benefits. It is rich in bioactive compounds, including betalains, dietary nitrates, polyphenols, and flavonoids, which contribute to its potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective effects. The high nitrate content, which converts to nitric oxide in the body, enhances vasodilation, improves blood flow, and helps regulate blood pressure. Clinical studies support its role in improving cardiovascular health, endothelial function, and athletic performance by increasing oxygen utilization and endurance. Additionally, beetroot consumption has been linked to enhanced cognitive function due to improved cerebral blood flow, as well as digestive health benefits from its dietary fiber content. Its anti-inflammatory and potential anti-cancer properties further underscore its therapeutic value. Economically, beetroot is a versatile and sustainable crop with growing applications in the food industry as a natural colorant and functional ingredient, as well as in the cosmetic and nutraceutical sectors. Despite its benefits, considerations regarding oxalate content and interactions with medications necessitate moderated consumption. Overall, beetroot represents a promising functional food with substantial health-promoting potential and economic relevance, supporting its integration into balanced diets and sustainable agricultural systems.