2025, Vol. 8, Issue 4, Part I

author(s)
Anish Kumar Subudhi, Kheyali Ghosh, Pratyush Kumar Pradhan and Subhankar Panda

abstract
Modern agricultural methods are being transformed by digital horticulture, a revolutionary merger of precision agriculture. Initially released in the second part of the 20th century, precision agriculture aims to maximize inputs, reduce waste, and increase output through site-specific crop management utilizing data-driven solutions. Mechanized farming gave way to satellite-based systems in the past, which established the groundwork for contemporary precise technology (Gebers & Adamchuk, 2010). Decision-support systems, automated equipment, and GIS are essential elements, each with unique related purposes. Aerial drone footage is used to monitor crop health, and spectral data from remote sensing is essential for comprehending soil characteristics and plant health. AI algorithms process large datasets to produce insights that can be put to use. At the same time, sensors track environmental variables like temperature, nutrient levels, and soil moisture in real time. Accurate crop identification and resource allocation are made possible by these technologies working together, guaranteeing sustainability and profitability. The great value and variety of crops in horticulture make the use of precision equipment especially significant. Precision irrigation and fertilization are made possible by sensors, AI helps with production prediction and pest control, and drones improve disease detection and pollination efforts. This comprehensive strategy guarantees ecologically responsible behaviours, lowers labour reliance, and enhances quality. The precision farming methods are still getting rejected by farmers in developing countries due to unawareness of it, lack of government schemes and benefits with respect to the high cost of drones, sensors, and other computing devices used in precision farming.