Unraveling correlation pattern for yield and its component traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes

Correlation analysis is a powerful tool for identifying the interrelationship among yield and its component traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.), thereby facilitating effective selection strategies in breeding programmes. The present study was undertaken to assess correlation coefficients among ten quantitative traits in rice genotypes. Grain yield per plant exhibited a strong positive correlation with number of productive tillers (r = 0.46), spikelet fertility (r = 0.40), and number of total tillers (r = 0.27), signifying their importance in yield improvement. On the contrary, days to 50% flowering showed a significant negative correlation with yield (r = -0.39), indicating that early flowering contributes positively to productivity. Panicle weight was positively associated with number of filled grains (r = 0.36), whereas test weight exhibited weak and non-significant correlations with most traits. These findings suggest that selection for productive tillers, total tillers, and spikelet fertility would be effective in breeding for higher yield potential in rice.