Assessing the impact of exogenous application of plant growth regulators on the economics of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Thunb.) with mulching

This study investigates the economic implications of exogenous application of Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) on watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Thunb.) cultivated under mulching conditions during the Rabi season of 2024 at the University Farm, SKLTSHU. A Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications and thirteen treatments was used, including various concentrations of Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA), Gibberellic Acid (GA₃), Ethrel, Triiodobenzoic Acid (TIBA), Maleic Hydrazide (MH), Cycocel, and a control. The economic analysis revealed that GA₃ at 40 ppm (T₄) recorded the highest gross returns of ₹ 5,16,800 and net returns of ₹ 3,44,529 per hectare. The benefit-cost ratio (2.00) confirms the economic viability of GA₃ as a profitable option for watermelon production. These findings offer essential insights for optimizing agricultural practices by integrating PGRs to enhance productivity and profitability, contributing to sustainable watermelon cultivation. The study advocates the wider adoption of these practices, supporting economic sustainability and agricultural resilience.