2024, Vol. 7, Issue 8, Part I

The pursuit of sustainable agriculture has heightened interest in using organic amendments to improve soil health and manage plant diseases. This review examines recent developments in organic amendments such as compost, biochar, and green manure. Advances in composting methods, including aerated and vermicomposting, have enhanced nutrient release and pathogen suppression, leading to healthier soil microbial communities and reduced disease incidence. Biochar, produced via optimized pyrolysis, improves soil structure and nutrient retention while supporting beneficial microorganisms and toxin adsorption. Green manure crops, with improved breeding and management, boost soil nitrogen and structure, outcompete pathogens, and enhance soil conditions. Practical applications are becoming more sophisticated, with better soil testing and amendment formulation allowing for tailored solutions. Future research will likely focus on optimizing these amendments, understanding their long-term impacts, and integrating them with other sustainable practices. This review underscores the potential of organic amendments to enhance soil health, crop resilience, and overall agricultural sustainability.