Calcium and boron: A quality determiner of apple: A review

Apple is an important temperate fruit that has high nutritional value and is in considerable demand throughout the world due to its health benefits. Even though the soil in apple-growing areas is deficient in other macro and micronutrients, many growers focus solely on the application of N, P, and K fertilizers, which can lead to poor fruit quality. To ensure high-quality fruit production, it is important to use quality agricultural inputs. Calcium and boron are critical in apple production as they improve fruit production, quality, and storability. While there are many calcium and boron-based products available in the market, a combination of these has been proven to be more effective in apple-growing areas, limiting storage loss and increasing productivity. Thus, apple growers in India need to understand the efficacy of calcium and boron to improve apple production in the region.