Effect of organic manures practices on growth and yield of palak (Beta vulgaris var. Bengalensis hort) in Prayagraj agro: Climatic conditions

This study investigates the impact of various organic manures on the growth and yield of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.). Organic farming practices have gained significant attention due to their potential benefits for soil health and sustainable agriculture. However, the effects of different organic manures on leafy vegetables, particularly spinach, require further elucidation. This research aims to compare the effectiveness of farmyard manure, vermicompost, poultry manure, and green manure on spinach cultivation. The experimental approach involved a randomized complete block design with four treatments and three replicates, each applying one of the organic manures. Key growth parameters, including plant height, leaf number, and biomass yield, were measured alongside soil fertility indicators such as organic carbon content and nutrient levels. The findings revealed that all organic manures positively influenced spinach growth compared to the control, with vermicompost showing the most significant improvement in both growth parameters and yield. Specifically, vermicompost-treated plots exhibited a 25% increase in biomass yield over the control, followed by poultry manure with a 20% increase. Additionally, soil analysis indicated enhanced organic carbon content and nutrient availability in manure-treated plots, with vermicompost and poultry manure showing the highest improvements. These results underscore the potential of vermicompost and poultry manure as superior organic fertilizers for spinach cultivation, promoting higher yields and improved soil health. In conclusion, the study highlights the effectiveness of organic manures in enhancing spinach production, with vermicompost emerging as the most beneficial treatment. These findings support the adoption of vermicompost and poultry manure in organic farming practices to achieve sustainable and productive spinach cultivation.