Phenology, growth and yield of wheat genotypes in relation to thermal regimes under different sowing dates

The Field experiment was conducted during 2023-24 at Wheat and Maize Research unit, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani to study effect of weather parameters on wheat genotypes under different dates of sowing and agro meteorological indices during Rabi season. The field experiment was lay out in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications for providing the different thermal environments, the experiment examined the impact of three sowing dates (4th November, 23rd November, and 9th December) and six wheat genotypes (Genotype 1 HZWYT-501, Genotype 1 HZWYT-516, Genotype 1 HZWYT-519, Genotype 1 HZWYT-521, Genotype 1 HZWYT-530, and NIAW-1994) on crop growth and yield. The grain yield recorded in 23^rd November was statistically at par with 4^th November. The highest grain yield recorded in 23^rd November sowing. The significant reduction in grain yield of late sown genotypes was recorded when sowing was delayed beyond 9^th December. Among the genotypes highest grain yield of 7682 kg ha^-1 was recorded in genotype 1HZWYT-519, which was significantly superior over 1HZWYT-530 (7650 kg ha^-1), 1HZWYT-521 (7147 kg ha^-1), 1HZWYT-516 (6857 kg ha^-1), NIAW-1994 (C) and 1HZWYT-501 (6440 kg ha^-1). Among the genotype 1HZWYT-519 took highest days growing degree days, photo thermal unit, helio-thermal unit to reach the maturity. The genotype 1HZWYT-519 recorded the highest grain yield at 23^rd November sowing as compared to all other sowing dates.