Optimization of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization for enhancing growth, yield, and efficiency in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under Punjab agro-climatic conditions

A field experiment was conducted during Rabi season of 2019-20 at Agronomy Research Farm of Dolphin (PG) college of Science and Agriculture, Chunni Kalan; a campus of Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab. Geographically, it is situated on the Fatehgarh Sahib Chandigarh road, Chunni Kalan. Thus, in all seven treatments viz. T₁- 0 (Control), T₂- 100% RDF, T₃- 25% N + 100% P, T₄- 50% N + 100% P, T₅- 75% N + 100% P, T₆- 125% N + 100% P and T₇- 150% N + 100% P. were compared in a randomized block design (RBD) with three replications and variety of Unnat PBW 550. Soil of experimental field was slightly saline in reaction (7.81 pH), low in organic carbon 0.45 per cent and low in available nitrogen (244.1 kg/ha), medium in phosphorus (16.51 kg/ha) and potassium (260.39 kg/ha). Result revealed that the chemical fertilizer (150% N + 100% P) was found the most suitable dose of fertilizer to be adopted as it gives significantly higher performance in growth parameters, yield and yield attributes traits. In view of above, it is concluded that cultivation of wheat under agro-climatic condition of Punjab, apply chemical fertilizer (125% N + 100% P) to achieve higher and significant productivity and best choice of sources for getting production.