Urban horticulture is essential for sustainable living, tackling food security, urban growth, and environmental issues. This review examines techniques such as vertical gardening (hydroponics, aquaponics, aeroponics), rooftop gardens, protected cultivation, and Dutch grow buckets, which optimize space, reduce resource use, and enhance crop yields. These methods conserve water, increase biodiversity, enable year-round production, and improve nutrient delivery. Overall, urban horticulture enhances food production, lowers carbon footprints, and fosters healthier urban ecosystems, underscoring its significance for sustainability.
