Integrating remote sensing and CROPWAT 8.0 for efficient onion irrigation management

Efficient irrigation management is critical for optimizing onion productivity, especially in water-scarce regions. This study integrates remote sensing and CROPWAT 8.0 to enhance water use efficiency (WUE) and crop yield. Satellite-derived data, including NDVI and evapotranspiration, were combined with the CROPWAT 8.0 model to develop precise irrigation schedules. Results revealed a 20% reduction in water usage and a 10% increase in yield compared to conventional practices. Water-use efficiency significantly improved (up to 2.8 kg/m³). Practical scalability and economic viability are discussed, along with comparisons to prior studies on maize, wheat, and rice. This hybrid approach demonstrates significant potential for sustainable water management and improved onion production, especially for resource-constrained farmers in variable climatic conditions.